Prevalence of psychiatric morbidities in two tertiary health institutions North west Nigeria
Assessing the realation to demographic variables
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Mental illnesses constitute a significant fraction of the global burden of diseases. Currently evaluated at 11.5% and an expected burden of 15% by 2020, it accounts for 40% of the leading health conditions contributing to the disability adjusted life years (DALYS). Worldwide, 340 million people suffer from mental illnesses, the majority living in the developing world. The aim of this study therefore was to assess the prevalence and socio-demographic distribution of psychiatric disorders in the psychiatric outpatient department of two tertiary health institutions in Nigeria.
Method: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. All patients attending the psychiatric outpatient clinic of the two hospitals from January to June 2014, diagnosed with psychiatric disorders according to the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5) were included in the study. The sample size was determined using single population proportion formula and 250 respondents were selected using systematic random sampling. Data was collected manually through proformas and analyzed using SPSS version 20.
Result: The prevalent age group of persons with psychiatric disorders from this study was 21-30 years constituting 35.1% of respondents at FNPHK and 36% at UDUTH. In the rural hospital 57.3% of respondents diagnosed with psychiatric disorders were men while in the urban hospital 64% were women. Depression (38% and 25.5%) was the prevalent diagnosis. The leading primary psychiatric diagnosis in both institutions was comparable - depression, generalized seizure and schizophrenia.
Conclusion: The prevalence of depression and schizophrenia is well documented in this study. The educational and geographic distribution of respondents suggests that high socio-economic status does not translate into less predisposal to psychiatric disorders. Policy makers and concerned government officials should enact and enforce laws that will help minimize associated social problems.
Downloads
References
World Health Organization. The World Health Report 2001- Mental Health: New understanding, new hope. Geneva; 2001.
Fahad A, Fahad S, Hiba R, Kamila H. Relation of gender, education and health seeking behavior of the general population regarding psychiatric illness. J Pak Med Assoc 2006; 56(9): 421-422.
Murthy R. Mental Health Programme in the 11th five-year plan. The Indian Journal of Medical Research. 2007Linden M (1999) Theory and practice in the management of depressive disorders. Int. Clin. Psychopharmacology. 14, (suppl. 3), 15-25.
Gureje O. Revisiting the National Mental health Policy for Nigeria. Archives of Ibadan Medicine 2003; 5(1): 2-4.
Abdulmalik JO. Psychiatric practice in Nigeria, past, present and future. BMJ West Africa2007; 10(5): 250-252.
Gurege O, Chisolm D, Kola L, Lasebikan V, Saxena S. Cost effectiveness of an essential mental health intervention package in Nigeria. World Psychiatry 2007.
World Health Organization. The World Health Report 2001- Mental Health: New understanding, new hope. Geneva; 2001.
Elkes A, and Thorp, JG. A Summary of Psychiatry. London: Faber & Faber, 1967: p. 13.
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th Edition). Washington D.C.: American Psychiatric Publishing, 2000 Inc. ISBN 978-0-89042-025-6.
Patten SB, Sedmak B, Russell ML. Major depression: prevalence, treatment utilization and age in Canada. Can J Clin Pharmacol 2001; 8:133–8.
Cochrane G. Sampling techniques, 2nd edition 1963. New York. John Willey and Sons Inc.
Adebowale TO, Ogunlesi AO. Beliefs and knowledge about aetiology of mental illness among Nigerian psychiatric patients and their relatives. Africa J Med Sci 1999; 28(1-2): 35-41.
Desjarlais R. World mental health: problems and priorities in low-income countries. New York, Oxford University Press, 1995.
Pradhan SC, Singh MM, Singh RA. First care givers of mentally ill patients: A multicenter study. Indian J Med Sci 2001; 55(4): 203-208.
Patten SB, Sedmak B, Russell ML. Major depression: prevalence, treatment utilization and age in Canada. Can J Clin Pharmacol 2001; 8:133–8.
Alonso J, Angermeyer MC, Bernert S, Bruffaerts R, Brugha TS, Bryson H, and others. Psychotropic drug utilization in Europe: results from the European Study of the Epidemiology of Mental Disorders (ESEMeD) project. 2004;(420):55– 64.
Mhetre NA, Bodhankar SL, Pandit VA, Zambare GN. Study of pattern of drug usage in an urban area. Indian J Pharmacol 2003; 35: 316-7.
World bank; Mind, Behaviour and Development unit, 2018. www.punchng.com
Anacleto TA, Perini E, Rosa MB,Cesar CC. Clinics 2007; 62(3): 243-250.
Benjet C, Borges G, Medina-Mora ME, Zambrano J, Aguilar-Gaxiola S. Youth mental health in populous city of the developing world: results from the Mexican Adolescent mental Health Survey. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2009; 50: 386-395.
Copyright (c) 2018 IJRDO - Journal of Health Sciences and Nursing (ISSN: 2456-298X)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Author(s) and co-author(s) jointly and severally represent and warrant that the Article is original with the author(s) and does not infringe any copyright or violate any other right of any third parties, and that the Article has not been published elsewhere. Author(s) agree to the terms that the IJRDO Journal will have the full right to remove the published article on any misconduct found in the published article.
