RELIGIOUS EXTREMISM AND THE CRISIS OF INSECURITY IN NIGERIA: A PHILOSOPHICAL DISCOURSE
Abstract
This paper sets out to discuss the effects of religious extremism and how they breed insecurity in Nigeria. This is apt following the fact that over the years, little or no concern has been given to religion as a major causative factor of insecurity crisis in Nigeria. Today, in as much as the question of insecurity is not exclusively a consequence of economic, political or tribal crisis, religion through extremists has been identified as a major factor. However, in addressing this issue, the paper raises certain questions to include: What end is expected from religion? What should be the primary force driving religion? Nevertheless, at the end of this research, it shall, through the exposition on religious influences in the country, prove that religion is a causative phenomenon to insecurity crisis in Nigeria. The paper shall also proffer solutions to these effects as it takes the discourse through comparative and expository methods in ethical and ontological dimensions.
Downloads
References
[2] Agbo, N. Joseph, “Hundred Years of Britain’s Nigeria: A Historico-Philosophical Analysis of the Idea of a “Non Negotiable” Unity,” Nigeria, Hundred Years After: Issues and Perspectives in Philosophical Discourse, Asiegbu, F. Martin and Chukwuokolo C. Jerry (eds.), (Enugu: Jones Communications Publishers, 2016), 47-80
[3] Anderson, N. D. James, “Law as a Social Force in Islamic Cultures and History,” The Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, (Vol. 20), (1957), 1-13
[4] Arinze, A. Francis, Sacrifice in Igbo Religion (Ibadan: Ibadan University Press, 1970)
[5] Asadu, C. Geoffrey, “Special Issue Ethno-Religious Conflict: The Bane of Nigeria Unity,” https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331071166_Special_Issue_Ethno-Religious_Conflict_The_Bane_Of_Nigeria_Unity, 2018;
[6] Benilily, ‘Sir Ahmadu Bello’s Statement’ made in The Parrot Newspaper on October 12th 1960, Days after Independence. Accessed from https://www,nairaland.com/1977382/sir-ahmadu-bellos-statement-made 2/10/2018
[7] Braswell, W. George Jr., Islam: Its Prophet, Peoples, Politics and Power (Nashville, TN: Broadman & Holman Publishers, 1996)
[8] Costa, Luca, “Discrimination in Arab Middle East,” Case Studies on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, a World Survey, 1 W. A. Veenhoven and W. Crum Ewing (eds.), (Martinus Nijhoff: The Hague, 1975), 209-25
[9] Coulson, J. Noel, “The State and Individual in Islamic Law” International and Comparative Law Quarterly, (Vol. 6), (1957), 40-59
[10] Duck, R. Daymond, The Book of Revelation (Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson Publishers, 2006)
[11] Encyclopedia Judaica, (Vol. 3), (Jerusalem: Keter Publishing House, 1978)
[12] Flannery, H. Edward, The Anguish of the Jews (Mahwah, New Jersey: Paulist Press, 1985)
[13] Hagee, John, In Defense of Israel (Florida: FrontLine Charisma Books, 2007)
[14] Häring, Bernhard, The Law of Christ, Vol. III (New York: Newman Press, 1964)
[15] Haught, James, Awake, (August 8, 2001)
[16] Hay, Malcolm, The Roots of Christian Anti-Semitism (New York: Freedom Library Press, 1981)
[17] Idowu, E. Bolaji, African Traditional Religion: A Definition (London: SCM-Canterbury Press Ltd, 1973)
[18] Ishak, Ibraham, Black Gold and Holy War (New York: Harper Collins Distribution Services, 1983)
[19] Kenny, Joseph, “Christians and Muslims in Nigeria: A Case of Competitive Sharing,” Nigerian Dialogue 4(4), (1982)
[20] Kisch, Guido, The Jews in Medieval Germany (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1949)
[21] Kung, Hans, Maranatha Newspaper, Interview with The New York Times (March 2021)
[22] Laffin, John, The Dagger of Islam (London: Sphere Books Ltd, 1979)
[23] Metuh, E. Ikenga Comparative Studies of African Traditional Religion (Onitsha: Imico Publishers, 1987)
[24] Ngwoke, IK. Bernard, Islam, the O.I.C. and Nigerian Unity (Enugu: SNAAP Press, 1986)
[25] Nze, C. Bernard, Patriotism: A Cultural Emanation (Onitsha: Veritas & Publishing Co. Ltd, 1994)
[26] Omoregbe, I. Joseph, Comparative Religion: Christianity and other World Religions in Dialogue (Lagos: JOJA Educational Research and Publishers Limited, 2006)
[27] Ottuh, O. O. Peter, Ottuh A. John and Aitufe, O. Victoria, “Christian-Muslim Relations in Nigeria: The Problems and Prospects,” International Journal of Arts and Humanities, 3(2), (April 2014), 46-62
[28] Runes, D. Dagobert, The War Against the Jew (New York: Philosophical Library, 1968)
[29] Sambo, Bashire, “Draft Constitution failed to Provide for Morality,” New Nigeria, 7/4/1977
[30] Sambo, Bashire, “Draft Constitution failed to Provide for Morality,” New Nigeria, 7/4/1977
[31] Scherer, E. Johann, Die Rechtsverhaltnisse der Juden in der deutsch-osterreichischen Landern, (Leipzig, 1901)
[32] Sigman, Henry, “The State and the Individual in Sunni Islam,” The Moslem World (Vol. 54), (1964), 1-14
[33] Toland, John, Adolf Hitler Vol. 1 (New York: Doubleday & Company, 1978)
[34] Toland, John, Adolf Hitler Vol. 2 (New York: Doubleday & Company, 1978)
[35] Yusuf, A. Ali, The Quran Translation, (7th ed.), (Elmhurst, NY: Tahrike Quran, Inc, 2001)
[36] Ugwu, K. Anayochukwu, “A Critical Approach to the Problem of Nigeria and the Struggle for Nation Building,” Sociology Study, 10(5), (Sept-Oct. 2020), 223-51. doi:10.17265/2159-5526/2020.05.005
[37] Ugwu, K. Anayochukwu, “Politics of Religion and Tribalism and the Fate of the Nigerian Nation,” Academia Letters Journal, Article 3538, (2021), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.20935/AL3538
[38] Ugwu, K. Anayochukwu, A Philosophical Comparison between African Traditional Religion And Western Religions, (Forthcoming).
[39] Ugwu, K. Anayochukwu and Ozoemena, C. Leo, “Reality Explained from Parmenides to Heraclitus: An Insight into the Nature of the Christian God,” Oracle f Wisdom Journal of Philosophy and Public Affairs, 3(1), (2019), 97-108.
[40] Ugwu, K. Anayochukwu and Ozoemena, C. Leo, “The Irony and Reality of Humanism,” International Journal of Integrative Humanism, 11(1), (2019), 34-44
[41] Ugwu, K. Anayochukwu and Abah, O. George, “The Role of Philosophy in Insecurity and Good Governance in Nigeria,” Sociology Study, 10(6), (Nov-Dec. 2020), 287-18. doi:10.17265/2159-5526/2020.06.004.
[42] Ugwu, K. Anayochukwu, et al., “Heidegger’s Concept of Art and the African Concept of Art: An Insight into the Discourse of Being and Truth,” Philosophy and Praxis, 11(2), (2021), 35-51
[43] Ugwu, O. T. Christopher and Ugwueye, E. Luke, African Traditional Religion: A Prolegomenon (Lagos: Merit International Publications, 2004)
Copyright (c) 2022 IJRDO - Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Author(s) and co-author(s) jointly and severally represent and warrant that the Article is original with the author(s) and does not infringe any copyright or violate any other right of any third parties, and that the Article has not been published elsewhere. Author(s) agree to the terms that the IJRDO Journal will have the full right to remove the published article on any misconduct found in the published article.