EFFECT OF WALNUT AND SAFFLOWER OIL ON LIPID PROFILE AND GLUCOSE LEVEL IN MALE WISTAR RATS

  • Dina M Trabzuni
  • Shaista Arzoo Department of Food and Nutrition Sciences, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
  • Islam Abdul Rahim Saad el Dien el Redh Department of Food and Nutrition Sciences, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
  • Mervat Mohammad ElSayed Department of Food and Nutrition Sciences, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
  • Amal A Aloud Department of Food and Nutrition Sciences, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Keywords: safflower, walnut, lipid profile, glucose

Abstract

In the recent decades research on consumption of dietary fats and oil has become an important topic for discussion. This study was carried out to determine the effects soybean (SOBO), walnut (WALO) and safflower (SAFO) oil on lipid profile and glucose level in male Wistar rats. Fifteen male Wistar rats weighting between 150-170 grams were divided randomly into three groups of five rats each. Groups 1 (Control group, SOBO) was assigned to receive 30 grams of the control diet with soybean oil per day. Group 2 was allocated to take 30 grams of the diet with walnut oil per day and group 3 was allocated to receive 30 grams of the diet with safflower oil per day. Statistically insignificant difference was observed between control (SOBO group) and experiments groups (WALO and SAFO) for all growth parameters. Least value of HDL-C was observed in SOBO group and the highest value was found in WALO group but the difference was insignificant between the groups. TG, LDL-C and VLDL-C was least in SAFO group and lowest value of cholesterol was observed in WALO group but the difference for TC, TG, LDL-C, VLDL-C glucose and insulin was also statistically insignificant the groups. In this study even though insignificant but improvement in blood lipid profiles has been observed without altering other dietary components.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

1. GBD 2016 Causes of Death Collaborators, 2017, Global, regional and national age-sex specific mortality for 264 causes of death, 1980–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet, Vol. 390, p.1151–1210.
2. Bester D, Esterhuyse AJ, Truter EJ and van Rooyen J, 2010, Cardiovascular effects of edible oils: a comparison between four popular edible oils. Nutrition Research Reviews, Vol. 23, p.334–348.
3. Van Elswyk, ME, 1997, Comparison of n-3 fatty acid sources in laying hen rations for improvement of whole egg nutrition quality: A review. British Journal of Nutrition, Vol. 78, p.61-69.
4. Mensink RP, 2016. Effects of Saturated Fatty Acids on Serum Lipids and Lipoproteins: A Systematic Review and Regression Analysis. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, p.1-72.
5. Ghobadi S, Hassanzadeh-Rostami Z, Mohammadian F, Nikfetrat A, Ghasemifard N, Raeisi Dehkordi H, Faghih S, 2018, Comparison of blood lipid-lowering effects of olive oil and other plant oils: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 27 randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials. Critical Review in Food Science and Nutrition, Vol. 59, p. 2110-2124.
6. Shahidi F, Ambigaipalan P, 2015, Phenolics and polyphenolics in foods, beveragesand spices: Antioxidant activity and health effects –A review. Journal of Functional Food, Vol.18, p.820-897.
7. Rezq AA, Labib FA, Attia ARM, 2010, Effect of some dietary oils and fats on serum lipid profile, calcium absorption and bone mineralization in mice. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, Vol. 9, 643-650.
8. Seppanen CM, Cho H, Csallany AS, 2013. Comparison between high PUFA and low PUFA fats on lipid peroxidation and LDL oxidation. Food and Nutrition Sciences, Vol.4, 572-579.
9. Sri-Tarino PW, Sun Q, Hu FB and Krauss RM, 2010, Saturated fatty acids and risk of coronary heart disease: modulation by replacement nutrients. Current Atherosclerosis Reports, Vol. 12, p. 384-390.
10. Ooi EMM, Watts GF, Ng TWK, Barrett PHR, 2015, Effect of dietary fatty acids on human lipoprotein metabolism: a comprehensive update. Nutrients, Vol. 7, p. 4416 - 4425.
11. Lawrence GD, 2013. Dietary fats and health: dietary recommendations in the context of scientific evidence. Advance Nutrition, Vol.4, p.294 -302.
12. Jean C, Fromentin G, Tomé D, Larue-Achagiotis C, 2002. Wistar rats allowed to self-select macronutrients from weaning to maturity choose a high-protein, high-lipid diet. Physiology and Behavior, Vol.76, p.65-73.
13. Iwamoto M, Kono M, Kawamoto D, Tomoyori H, Sato M, Imaizumi K, 2002, Differential Effect of Walnut Oil and Safflower Oil on the Serum Cholesterol Level and Lesion Area in the Aortic Root of Apolipoprotein E-deficient Mice. Bioscience, Biotechnology and Biochemistry, Vol. 66, p. 141-146.
14. Zibaeenezhad M, Aghasadeghi K, Hakimi H, Yarmohammadi H, Nikaein F, 2016,The effect of walnut oil consumption on blood sugar in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vol.14, e34889.
15. Riserus U, 2015, Cardiovascular disease. World Review of Nutrition and Dietetics, Vol.111, p.94-99.
16. Moon KD, Back SS, Kim JH, Jeon SM, Leeand MK, Choi MS, 2001, Safflower seed extract lowers plasma and hepatic lipids in rats fed high cholesterol diet. Nutrition Research, Vol.21, p. 895-904.
17. Baum SJ, Kris-Etherton PM, Willett WC, Lichtenstein AH, Rudel LL, Maki KC, Whelan J, Ramsden CE, Block RC, 2012. Fatty acids in cardiovascular health and disease: A comprehensive update. Journal of Clinical Lipidology, Vol.6, p.216-234.
18. Uauy R, 2009, Dietary fat quality for optimal health and well-being: overview of recommendations. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism, Vol.54 Suppl 1, p.2-7.
19. Luo C, Zhang Y, Ding Y, Shan Z, Chen S, Yu M, Hu FB, Liu L, 2014, Nut consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol.100, p.256–269.
20. Bao Y, Han J, Hu FB, Giovannucci EL, Stampfer MJ, Fuchs CS, 2013, Association of nut consumption with total and cause specific mortality. The New England Journal of Medicine, Vol. 369, p.2001–2011.
21. Mercanligil SM, Arslan P, Alasalvar C, Okut E, Akgu E, Pınar A, Geyik PO¨, Tokgo¨zog˘lu L, Shahidi F, 2007, Effects of hazelnut-enriched diet on plasma cholesterol and lipoprotein profiles in hyper cholesterolemic adult men. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 61, p. 212–220
22. Leyton J, Drury PJ, Crawford MA, 1987, Differential oxidation of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in vivo in the rat. Brazilian Journal of Nutrition, Vol. 57, p.383–393.
23. Takeuchi H, Matsuo T, Tokuyama K, Shimomura Y, Suzuki M, 1995, Diet-induced thermogenesis is lower in rats fed a lard diet than in those fed a high oleic acid safflower oil diet, a safflower oil diet or a linseed oil diet. Journal of Nutrition, Vol.125, p. 920–925.
24. Zhao G, Zheng X, Gai Y, Chu W, Qin G, Guo L, 2009, Safflower extracts functionally regulate monoamine transporters. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Vol. 124, p.116-124.
25. Asp ML, Collene AL, Norris LE, Cole RM, Stout MB, 2011, Time dependent effects of safflower oil to improve glycemia, inflammation and blood lipids in obese, post-menopausal women with type 2 diabetes: A randomized, double-masked, crossover study. Clinical Nutrition, Vol.30, p.443-449.
26. Arterburn LM, Oken HA, Bailey HE, Hamersley J, Kuratko CN, Hoffman JP, 2008, Algal-oil capsules and cooked salmon: Nutritionally equivalent sources of docosahexaenoic acid. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, Vol. 108, p. 1204-1209.
27. de Lorgeri M, Salen P, Martin JL, Monjaud I, Delaye J, Mamelle N, 1999, Mediterranean diet, traditional risk factors, and the rate of cardiovascular complications after myocardial infarction. Final report of the Lyon diet heart study. Circulation, Vol.99, p. 779–785.
28. Ascherio A, Rimm EB, Giovannucci EL, Spiegelman D, Stampfer M, Willett WC, 1996, Dietary fat and risk of coronary heart disease in men: Cohort follows up study in the United States. British Medical Journal, Vol.313, p.84–90.
29. Nagao K, Yanagita T, 2008. Bioactive lipids in metabolic syndrome. Progress in Lipid Research, Vol.47, p.127-146.
30. Marai I, Massalha S, 2014. Effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin D on cardiovascular diseases. The Israel Medical Association journal, Vol.16, p.117-121.
Published
2020-11-02
How to Cite
Dina M Trabzuni, Shaista Arzoo, Islam Abdul Rahim Saad el Dien el Redh, Mervat Mohammad ElSayed, & Amal A Aloud. (2020). EFFECT OF WALNUT AND SAFFLOWER OIL ON LIPID PROFILE AND GLUCOSE LEVEL IN MALE WISTAR RATS. IJRDO-Journal of Applied Science, 6(10), 01-08. https://doi.org/10.53555/as.v6i10.3907