Haptoglobin phenotypes distribution among Hemolytic Disease of Newborn (HDN)
Abstract
Background; Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) is a condition in which transplacental
passage of maternal antibodies results in immune hemolysis of fetal / neonatal red cells. A
Haptoglobin function is to bind free plasma hemoglobin and acute phase reactant protein. The
aim of this study was to determine the frequency of Haptoglobin phenotypes among newborns
with HDN and to explore the Haptoglobin phenotypes in the fetus with HDN according to their
ABO group and Rh system. Materials and Methods; A total of 80 patients had HDN were
enrolled in this study; 33 (41.25 %) were females and 47 (58.75%) were males; their age ranged
(1-8) days. Haptoglobin phenotypes were identified using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
(PAGE) method. Discussion and conclusions; A higher frequency of Haptoglobin 1-1 phenotype was observed among newborns with HDN. Both males and females newborns were
showed high percent of Hp1-1 in distribution. The highest hemoglobin concentration was related
with Hp1-1 and the lowest concentration was related to Hp2-2. The highest total white blood
cells count was related to Hp2-1, and this might described that Hp2 subjects were characterized
by a higher immune reactivity. Also we observed the lowest count of RBCs, PCV and indices
was related to Hp2-2.The most frequent ABO group in patients was O Rh positive. However, it
remains unclear the association between the lowest level of direct and indirect bilirubin and Hp2-
2 in our study, perhaps to the small data of Hp2-2 phenotype in the study.
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