ANTI-MICROBIAL, ANTI-OXIDANT & PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS oF Citrus aurantium (ORANGE) LEAF EXTRACT

Abstract

The present investigation was carried out to evaluate anti-microbial, anti-oxidant and
phytochemical compound properties of citrus aurantium leaves. Plants have been the major
original source of many drugs used in the treatment of diseases today. Antimicrobial, Antioxidative
systems and the contents of phytochemical compounds were investigated in leaves
of sour orange trees that are grown under atmospheric co2 concentrations. Phytochemical
compounds which are extracted with methanol, ethanol, acetone and distilled water with
different medicinal properties. The plant extracts were subjected to preliminary
phytochemical screening for the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, glycosides, tannins,
phenolic compounds, proteins, free amino acids, saponins, phytosterols, and flavonoids. The
anti-microbial activity was carried out with two gram positive bacteria i.e., Staphylococcus
aureus, Bacillus subtilis and two gram negative bacteria i.e., Escherichia coli, Salmonella
typhi by agar well diffusion method. The anti-oxidant properties of these plant extracts of
various concentrations (50,150,250 µg/ml) was determined by using methods like DPPH
radical scavenging, hydroxyl radical scavenging, superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide and
nitrous oxide the results are compared with known standards. The plant extracts will inhibit
free radicals at all concentrations tested. A systematic investigation is carried out to evaluate
the total phenolics and flavonoid to explore relation with anti-oxidant properties.