Occurrence of the genus Eustrongylides sp. Parasite (Nematoda: Dioctophymatidae) in Chrisichthys macropogon and Synodontis clarias from Lower River Benue
Keywords:
Parasites, Eustrongylides sp, Chrisichthys macropogon, Synodontis clarias, Lower River Benue, Nigeria
Abstract
Occurrence of parasites of the genus Eustrongylides sp. (Nematoda: Dioctophymatidae) in Chrisichthys macropogon and Synodontis clarias from Lower River Benue in Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria was investigated. Of the 50 S. clarias, 28.00% were infested with 113 Eustrongylides sp., while the stomach accounted for 20.35% of the parasite load, intestine had 79.64%. 56.00% parasite prevalence and 0.56 parasite intensity were recorded for S. clarias. In addition, of the 50 C. macropogon, 21.00% were infested with 57 Eustrongylides sp., while the stomach accounted for 22.81% of the parasite load, intestine had 77.19%. 42.00% parasite prevalence and 0.42 intensity were recorded for C. macropogon, respectively. Variation in percentage parasite infestation between male and female S. clarias and C. macropogon existed, being more in female S. clarias (60.18%) than the male (39.82%). On the contrary, percentage parasite infestation was more prevalent in male C. macropogon (64.91%) than the female (35.09%).
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References
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Akinsanya B., Otubanjo O. A., Ibidapo C. A. (2007). Helminth Bioload of Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus (Lacepede 1802) from Lekki Lagoon Lagos, Nigeria. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 7: 83-87.
Akinsanya, B.,Hassan, A. A.,Adeogun, A. O. (2008). Gastrointestinal helminth parasites of the fish Synodontis clarias (Siluriformes: Mochokidae) from Lekki lagoon, Lagos, Nigeria. Revista de Biologia Tropical, 56, 4, 2021-2026.
Bichi, A. H., Dawaki, S. S. (2010). A survey of the ectoparasites on the gills, skin and fins of Oreochromis niloticus at Bagauda fish farm, Kano, Nigeria. Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 3, 1, 83-86.
Bichi, A. H., Yelwa, S. I. (2010). Incidence of piscine parasites on the gill and gastrointestinal tract of Clarias gariepinus (Teugels) at Bagauda fish farm, Kano. Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 3, 1, 104-107
Bush A. O., Lafferty K. D., Lotz, J. M., Shostak A. W. (1997). Parasitology meets ecology on its own terms. Journal of Parasitology. 83: 575-583.
Dezfuli BS, Manera M, Lorenzoni M, Pironi F, Shinn AP, Giari L. (2015). Histopathology and the inflammatory response of European perch, Perca fluviatilis muscle infected with Eustrongylides spp. (nematode). Parasite Vector 8:227.
Edema, C. U., Okaka, C. E., Oboh, I. P., Okogub, B. O. (2008). A preliminary study of parasitic infections of some fishes from Okhuo River, Benin City, Nigeria. International Journal of Biomedical Health Science, 4, 3, 107-112.
Ekanem, A. P., Eyo, V. O., Sampson, A. F. (2011). Parasites of landed fish from great Kwa River, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture. 3, 12, 225-230..
Ezenwaji, N. E., Aguigwo, J. N. I., Philip, C. O. and Ezenwaji, H. M. G. (2005). Helminthendo-parasites of mochokids in a tropical rainforest river system.Animal Research International. 2(2): 346 – 352
Ferrantelli V, Cicero A, Costa A, Alongi A, Palumbo P, Graci S, Giangrosso G, (2014). Anisakidae in fishing products sold in Sicily. Ital J Food Safety 3:47-8.
Folstad, I., Karter, A. J. (1992). Parasites, bright males and immunocompetence handicap. American Naturalist, 139, 603-622.
Iyaji, F. O., Etim, L., Eyo, J. E. (2009). Parasite assemblages in fish hosts. Bio-Research, 7, 2, 561-570.
Kelly, D. W., Poulin, R., Tompkins, D. M., Townsend, C. R. (2010). Synergistic effects of glyphosate formulation and parasite infections and survival. Journal of Applied Ecology, 47, 498-504.
Koskivaara, M. (1992). Environmental factors affecting monogeneans parasite on freshwater fishes. Parasitology Today, 8, 10, 339-342.
Lagrue, C., Kelly, D. W., Hicks, A., Poulin, R. (2011). Factors influencing infection patterns of trophically transmitted parasites among a fish community: host diet, host-parasite compatibility or both. Journal of Fish Biology, 79, 406-485.
Ljubojevic D, Novakov N, Djordjevic V, Radosavljevic V, Pelic M, Cirkovic M. (2015). Potential parasitic hazards for humans in fish meat. Procedia Food Sci 5:172-5.
Measures LN. (1988). The development of Eustrongylides tubifex (Nematoda: Dioctophymatoidea) in oligochaetes. J Parasitol. 74: 294-304.
Narr LL, O’Donnell JG, Libster B, Alessi P, Abraham D, (1996). Eustrongylidiasis – a parasitic infection acquired by eating live minnows. J Am Ost Assoc. 96:400-2.
Nmor, J. C., Egwunyenga, A. O., Ake, J. E. G. (2004). Observation of the intestinal helminth parasites of cichlid in the upper reaches of River Orogodo, a freshwater body in Delta State, Southern Nigeria. Tropical Freshwater Biology, 13, 131-136.
Olaosebikan, B. D., Raji, A. (2004). Field guide to Nigerian freshwater freshwater fishes. Federal College of Freshwater Fisheries Technology, New Bussa, Nigeria.
Olele, N. F. (2011). Diet composition, length, weight relationship and condition factor of Hyperopisus bebe occidentalis Lacepede 1803; caught in Warri River. Journal of Basic and Applied Science Research, 1, 9, 998-1005.
Omeji S., Solomon, S.G., Idosa E.S., (2011). A comparative Study of the Common Protozoan Parasites of Clarias gariepinus from the Wild and Cultured Environments in Benue State, Nigeria. Journal of Parasitology Research. 2011, 199.
Overstreet, R.M. (2003). Presidential address: Flavor buds and other delights. J Parasitol. 89: 1093-107
Oyedineke, N. E., Obi, U., Ofoegbu, P. U., Ukogo, I. (2010). Helminth parasites of some freshwater fish from River Niger at Illushi, Edo State, Nigeria. Journal of American Science, 6, 3, 16-21.
Paperna, I. (1996). Parasites Infections and Diseases of Fishes in Africa. An Update C. F. A, Technical Paper No.31 Rome, F.A.O. pp 220.
Rahman, W. A., Saidin, H. (2011). Relationship between sex and parasite intensity in four freshwater fish species from Tasik- Merah, Peninsular Malaysia. World Journal of Zoology, 6, 4, 370-374.
Reimchen, T. E. (2001). Ecological causes of sex-biased parasitism in three spine stickle back. Biological Journal of the Linnaeus Society, 73, 51-63.
Rohlenova, K., Morand, S., Hyršl, P., Tolarová, S., Flajšhans, M., Sinkova, A. (2011). Are fish immune systems really affected by parasites? An immunological study of common carp (Cyrinus carpio). Parasites and Vectors, 40, 120-138.
Rolbiecki, L. (2006). Correlation between the occurrence of parasites and body length of roach carp beam European perch, zander and ruffe in the Vistula Lagoon estuary. International Journal of Oceanography and Hydrobiology, 35, 3, 257-267.
Sattari M, Mokhayer B, Khara H., Nezami S, Shafii S. (2007). Occurrence and intensity of parasites in some bonyfish species of Anzali wetland from the southwest of the Caspian Sea. Bulletin of the European Association of Fish Pathologists. 27: 54-60.
Simkova, A., Lafond, T., Ondračkova, M., Jurajda, P., Ottova, E. Morand, S. (2008). Parasitism, life history traits and immune defence in cyprinid fish from Central Europe. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 8, 29-40.
Skarstein, F., Folstad, I., Liljeda, S. (2001). Whether to reproduce or not: Immune suppression and costs of parasites during reproduction in the Arctic Charr. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 79, 271-278.
Vincent, C. E., Oscar, I. A., Njoku, I., Felicia, N. E., Ngozi, E. E., Uwakwe, S. O., Joseph, E. E. (2014). Parasitofauna of five freshwater fishes in a Nigerian freshwater ecosystem. Croatian Journal of Fisherie. 72, 17 – 24
Published
2018-09-30
How to Cite
S., O., J.O., J., & A.A, G. (2018). Occurrence of the genus Eustrongylides sp. Parasite (Nematoda: Dioctophymatidae) in Chrisichthys macropogon and Synodontis clarias from Lower River Benue. IJRDO-Journal of Agriculture and Research (ISSN: 2455-7668), 4(9), 36-48. https://doi.org/10.53555/ar.v4i9.2285
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